Indian Workers Caught in Crossfire: Tragic Consequences of Seeking Opportunities Abroad.
The Harsh Reality of Unemployment examples are many have applied for laborer, electrician, and plumbing jobs in place of Palestinians in Israel. The young must have thought that even though the situation in Israel is not right, it is better to die of hunger. 23-year-old Hemil Ashwin Bhai went to Russia to become an army helper. He might not have liked the Gujarat model. The Russians put him on the frontlines in the war zone. This happened to other Indians as well. Hemil was killed in a missile attack, and others are trying to return to India. Government is trying to help.
Table of Contents
The Plight of Educated Job Seekers: A Crisis of Employment Opportunities in India.
It's not that only low-level jobs are at risk. Even if you become an educated engineer, you are not guaranteed a job. In Pune, 3000 engineers went for a walk-in job interview. If this was the only incident, we would have ignored it. But the same story is true in Hyderabad. In Mumbai, Qatar Airways recruitment drive was the same. If private jobs are in such a state, how much will the government pay for the job? 50 lakh candidates are giving exams for 60,000 UP constable posts. And then it is revealed that the exam paper leaked, and the re-exam will be after 6 months. This is a different level of scam. Every other day, a paper is leaking, and our youth are being made fun of. In Rajasthan, there is a REET paper leak. In Bihar, BPSC paper leaked. UPTET paper leak. RRB and NTPC exam papers leak. And in West Bengal, there is a teacher recruitment scam. Even if there was no paper leak, then 55 lakh applications, including B.Tech, MBA, and Masters degree graduates, are there—for what?
High Demand, Low Supply: The Dearth of Government Jobs in India.
For the Group D job. By the way, the minimum requirement is a high school diploma and not just a few states; for a peon's job, there is a long line from Kerala to Maharashtra to MP. Big, big degree holders are waiting for small jobs because they don't even trust the private sector. The Center for Study of Developing Societies, or CSDS, found in a survey that 65% of Indian youth want government jobs. Even after 30 years of liberalization, they still want government jobs. The Harsh Reality of Unemployment is that for 22 crore applicants, there are only 7 lakh government jobs.
Declining Government Job Opportunities: A Harrowing Trend.
In fact, government jobs are shrinking. And in many places, even where there are vacancies, the government does not want to fill them. 3 lakh posts are on the railways, half of which are in the safety category. You can't believe The Harsh Reality of Unemployment People who were having good days in the start-up sector have also had bad days. In the last two years, more than 35,000 jobs have been lost.
And in 2024, the situation is going to be even worse. Every month, the numbers are increasing. People are making live trackers to track the number of tech companies in different countries where people are losing jobs.
Unmasking the Complexity of Unemployment: A Closer Look at India's Economic and Social Challenge.
Before you say anything, let me clarify that unemployment is the most complex economic and social issue in our country. No one talks about it openly. No party has a magical formula to solve this problem. Because the solution is not simple. Population growth has been increasing, but we have not created enough jobs to cater to it. Let's take a look at the figures for 1999–2019. Both the Congress and BJP governments. Employment growth was 1%, while population growth was 1.44%. It is not surprising that a periodic labor force survey found that the rate of unemployment was 45 years high in 2017–18.
Unemployment Trends and Hidden Realities: A Closer Look at PLFS Data
In the last two years, PLFS has shown that unemployment is decreasing. Many people have gone back to farming. They have left the city and factories to do farming. So, the unemployment problem is not solved by this. The unemployment problem is hidden by this. In farming and seasonal work, you can be employed for a few months, but the rest of the year is useless. So, it is logical that the government also understands this. That is why, by investing 2 lakh crores for 80 crores of people are being given free rations. So that they don't starve to death. Let's look at the data to know the size of the problem. Unemployment is a problem. Then there is unemployment. 45% of our graduates are employable. Even if a company comes, they don't have the basic technical skills. We are not ready to make it in India. 42.3% of graduates under 25 are unemployed. Unemployment is increasing in the younger age group. 21 million women have disappeared from the workforce. It is a matter of safety, time consumption, and household duties. They are working at home, but it does not count toward economic output.
Addressing India's Unemployment Conundrum: A Call to Recognize the Reality.
Internationally, they represent 49% of India's population, but only 18% contribute to economic output—half of the global average of the working-age population we have, half of them—45 crore—don't want a job. They are not looking for a job. So, when they don't want to find a job, they are not included in the unemployment data. But why am I telling you all this The Harsh Reality of Unemployment? Because, when it comes to solving a problem, you have to admit that it is a problem. Because, if you look at the government figures, the government is telling us that it is not a problem. Our employment situation has improved a lot. The unemployment rate has decreased to 7.1% in January 2024 from 8.5% in December. In simple terms, 92.9% of the population is employed. The government is saying the situation will improve further in 2024.
Challenges and Limitations of the Periodic Labor Force Survey: A Closer Look at Self-Employment Trends.
The periodic labor force survey is conducted on a quarterly basis. 7000 villages and 6,000 urban blocks. There are 1 lakh households, and 4 lakh people are surveyed. This survey relies on two approaches. One is a long-term approach. It talks to people who have been working for the past year, who have worked for the past year for any time, or who have been looking for a job for the past year actively. And the second is a short-term approach. Have you worked for at least 1 hour last week? Or have you been looking for a job for the past week? The biggest drawback is that if someone is not looking for a job and has left everything behind, then there is no problem. You are not unemployed. It does not track low women's participation and does not track the issue of youth unemployment. It does not track the quality of employment. We say that we don't blindly believe the data. PLFS data shows that 57% of the workforce will be self-employed in 2022–23, up from 55% in the preceding two years. This is a good thing. People are becoming self-reliant. But when you go to see the nature of self-employment, you will see that these people are pushcart vendors. They are selling things on the pavement, frying fritters. This is called self-employment.
Challenges in Assessing Employment Quality: A Closer Look at India's EPF Data.
A question arises about the quality of employment. So, the Indian government has been using the data from the Employment Provident Fund (EPF) scheme to show how many jobs are being created in the economy. The government has tried to enroll more companies in the EPF. It's a good thing. Formal jobs are being created in the formal economy. But when you look at the year-long data of EPFO, you see that people have joined but have not filled out their EPF for a year. They are not regular contributors who have been filling out their EPF for at least a year. This shows that some people are getting jobs, either seasonal or temporary, but that job is being left behind. So the data is not telling the right thing. The fact is that the PhD is looking for a job. Graduates are looking for a gardening job. Inflation is high, and salaried employees are becoming casual laborers. They are living a life of daily wage. This is also called disguised unemployment. High levels of unemployment among young and educated people. Forget new jobs; old jobs are also fading. There are many big MOUs under the Make in India banner. But no one cares about factories, employment, or ground-level impact. But this is not a problem. I am not saying that Indian youth are distressed. They are taught not to ask questions or say anything about the wrong stuff.
Embracing the Contradictions: Navigating the Landscape of Modern Youth in India.
Things may be negative, but you have to come with a positive face. We have mobile data for the next generation, 5G. But the search for truth is very limited. In the last 10 years, there have been many hopes and desires among Indian youth. What happened to those desires? How is the youth of our country today? But I'm still happy. Oh, there is a mobile phone, data, WhatsApp University in the afternoon, playing games for free in the evening, Savita Bhabhi, and Insta Reels at night. Mobile is the fastest in the country and is also the cheapest. And many youth populations are taking advantage of this. with three Ps. Political propaganda, pornography, and pot-boiler movies Scholar Craig Jeffrey has called this phenomenon the Nowhere Generation. Young Educated Unemployed Youth of India. But there is nothing to do.
Brain Drain: The Exodus of India's Ambitious Youth.
20 years ago, these same 20-something youth would raise questions, protest, and make slogans. They would have gotten something, but now phones and data are a thing. In India, if you look at the average, people spend 6 hours on the internet. 2.36 hours only on social media. What are they doing the rest of the time? Johnny Sins knows That's why it's not surprising that more than 45 crore youth are not even looking for a job. They think this is beneath us. They want a top-class job; otherwise, it will not work. They believe that their good days have already come. And the ambitious, hardworking, and talented youth are, first of all, fleeing the country. MBA, medical, engineering, lakhs of students are going abroad every year. India is the number one exporter of students and skilled workers all over the world. Along with this, young businessmen and entrepreneurs are also fleeing abroad. Now you will say, Leave the negative talk. Even if some lakhs are spent in crores, it doesn't matter. But it matters a lot. Because these are the talented, hardworking, resourceful, and rich people who could have given jobs to 10,000 people. They will give lakhs and crores of dollars in tax and develop that country. And it's not that we don't have money. Just think about the global reach of Indians. Our companies have invested 40 billion dollars in the USA. Indians have created 4 lakh direct jobs in the USA. This is a report by the CII.
Challenges Facing India's FDI Growth: Corruption, Stability, and Business Environment
Jobs are being made and produced there. We are in a bad situation. And if we talk about how much money we are getting, FDI investment in India is the lowest in 16 years. Now tell me why. Because the real ease of business is still not there. Still, there is corruption, and society is not considered stable. And again, these are all printed reports. The FDI has reached the level of 2007–2008. And if you talk about percentage, FDI makes up 1% of our GDP. It has reached the level of 2005–2006. This means that people are not setting up businesses here. Money is coming to the share market; that is a different thing.
Escalating Mental Health Crisis: The Unemployment Dilemma.
This will have a huge impact in the coming days. If you talk about mental health, then, due to unemployment, mental health issues are going to increase. If you talk about depression, it is going to increase. If you talk about suicide, it is going to increase. As a matter of fact, suicides have doubled between 2012 and 2020. Government figures say that suicides have doubled due to unemployment. And unemployment obviously also causes problems in domestic violence, law and order situations, Now you will ask, What is the solution? The big politicians have not been able to find a solution. We always believe that if a political party decides to do something, it will do it. But the problem is that we are trying to hide this problem. People do not know about it. If you talk about agriculture, the monthly income of the agricultural household is Rs. 10,000 per month, which is one-fifth of the average national household income.
Challenges and Solutions: Assessing the State of Agricultural and Urban Income
So, as far as agricultural income is concerned, the situation is bad. And if you talk about urban and nationwide consumption, there is a slowdown in private consumption; people are buying fewer things, and household saving rates have gone down. Contractual employment is increasing. Permanent employment is shrinking. And even if you have a job, whether you are a blue-collar worker or a white-collar worker, how much has your income increased in the last 5–10 years? Ask yourself. On a large scale, workforce reduction is happening because in IT, AI is coming, so the situation is bad there too. Elite management schools: this year they have to beg the alumni to take our graduates from IIM. So, will I only show problems or solutions? Even political parties have talked about solutions.
Addressing Unemployment and Fair Wages in Government Policy: A Call for Balanced Governance.
When the government says minimum government, maximum governance, they think that minimum government means that jobs will be given to the private sector. The government should provide employment to people in strategic areas. In the last three decades, the US has seen a rise in public sector employment of 0.77%. So, government employment is a solution. We need to raise the level of employment. Government and private players should also start paying a fair wage. We made an episode on MSP. Many developing countries have a minimum wage and a fair wage. But not here. A person will buy something only if he gets a fair wage. Urban infrastructure, which has been focused on by the BJP. Like highways.
Focused Priorities: A Call for National Champions in Global Competition.
But we need to focus more on it to increase our productivity, and one more thing, where all the parties have failed, is that we should breathe clean air, but no one is focused on that. On top of that, there are standard, simple things like education and healthcare. If you don't have either free or low cost, then your population will neither be healthy nor educated. You will have to focus there. You will have to focus on a war footing. I know it is not cool, but we have to focus on it. After that, make them national champions. But those who compete globally. But we do it wrong again. We think that national champions mean A plus A. There will be only two companies and no one else. You have to find national champions on a small or medium scale who will make a name for India worldwide. If we talk about automobiles, we mean German automobiles.
Empowering MSMEs: Key to India's Economic Growth
In the same way, the Indian government has ignored MSMEs. They have suffered from demonetization, GST, and COVID. We have to focus on them; we want thousands of Adani, Ambani, Tata, and Birla. MSMEs will increase their employment rate by doing labor-intensive manufacturing. And as far as India's development is concerned, we are so excited about the fact that today 5 trillion, tomorrow 10 trillion To build a developed economy, we will have to show 8% growth for 25 years, and the World Bank says that if you increase employment by 1%, then your GDP will increase by 0.6% automatically. So, employment is very important for GDP growth. And if we want to bring about this growth, then it cannot happen without employment.
Rethinking India's Economic Future: The Role of Agriculture and Non-farm Employment
One more basic fact is that we will depend heavily on agriculture. After COVID, we started depending again. We will have to reduce our share of population in agriculture. If you talk about other economies, where we are sitting at 43-50%, in China, 25% is dependent on agriculture and 2% in developed economies. But non-farm employment has to be increased. Where is that? We say we will defeat China, but why are we not able to? India's focus should be on service industries. Because of which, we brought about the IT revolution. Which will be the second and third IT revolutions? AI revolution or not? We need to focus on all these things. But what will I do by giving a solution when you and I won't agree? At least you won't agree. You will say that everyone is roaming in Mercedes. And if you feel so, then answer this question. Do you also believe that our employment situation is actually improving a lot?
Conclusion
The predicament of Indian laborers entangled in the web of chances abroad serves as a sobering reminder of the more general difficulties that Indian job searchers face. Solving these problems, which range from the scarcity of government employment to the difficulties involved in measuring The Harsh Reality of Unemployment, calls for an all-encompassing strategy. Policies can pave the way for a more affluent and equitable future for all citizens by recognizing the complexity of the issue and adopting evidence-based solutions.
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